Computerized Grading System Essay

Automation has had a notable impact in a wide range of industries beyond manufacturing (where it began). Once-ubiquitous telephone operators have been replaced largely by automated telephone switchboards and answering machines. Medical processes such as primary screening in electrocardiography or radiography and science laboratory analysis of human genes, sera, cells, and tissues are carried out at much great speed and accuracy by automated systems. Applying automation to marker systems wherein it volition also make a task easy and accurate.Education must share the responsibility of developing technologically literate people (Bitter & Legacy, 2008). both(prenominal) systemic reform and curriculum cannot be achieved without the aid of technology (Fletcher & Wolf, 2007). Grading and reporting are relatively recent phenomena in education. In fact, preliminary to 1850, grading and reporting were virtually unknown in schools in the Philippines. passim much of the nineteenth centu ry most schools grouped students of all ages and backgrounds unitedly with one teacher in one-room schoolhouses, and few students went beyond elementary studies. The teacher reported students encyclopedism progress orally to parents, usually during visits to students homes (Guskey).Researches in learning assessment, especially in terms of academic performance, have long criticized traditionalistic rating schemes that provide feedback to students. Because learning is multi-faceted, most critiques of such formats tend to know these as superficial and inadequate arguing that they tend to cover moreover the areas in learning that are widely rated, leaving other areas in learning under-assessed. As a result, different systems were proposed and varying rating structures were busy by different schools in the country such as window pane system averaging and weighted averaging. This school year, the Department of Education (DepEd) leave be using a new grading system in universe elem entary and high schools in connection to the implementation of K to 12 BEC (Basic Education Curriculum) program.The traditional numerical values in report tease will be replaced by letter-scheme grading system, with A (abbreviated Advanced take aim of proficiency) as the highest grade and B (short for Beginning) as the lowest. In the take that this format will be fully implemented in the scar school, which in this proposal will be San Isidro Elementary School, the workload of the teachers will be increased because they will have to compute for the numeric combining weight of each letter grades. The proponents of this proposal wish to reduce their workload by eliminating the need for manual computation and recording of each grade.The common problems encountered in manual recording and computations are error- and file-handling, and redundancy. As the workload gradually increases with evolution amounts of grades and student lists that need to be attended, it becomes tedious on th e part of the teacher to proficiently manage them in time for documentation and file calmness to higher education authorities. As such, this paper aims to produce a executable computerized grading system that will address these issues.

learning journal Essay

A nurture diary is a collection of notes, observations, thoughts and other pertinent materials built-up over a halt of time and usually accompanies a period of study, a placement visualise or fieldwork. Its purpose is to enhance your study through the very do of writing and theorizeing about(predicate) your learning experiences. Your learning diary is personalised to you and will reflect your personality and experiences.Structuring your learning journalA learning journal may be called several different things a learning log, a fieldwork diary or personal development planner, for example. Different subordinate areas may ask you to focus on different aspects of your experiences and may overly have a different change. A journal could be a notebook, an electronic document or sometimes can be enter verbally on a tape. You will need to check which format is required with your module tutor.Why use a learning journalTo provide a live picture of your growing understanding of a subject or experience To demonstrate how your learning is developing To hap a record of your thoughts and ideas throughout your experiences of learning To help you identify your strengths, weaknesses and preferences in learningEssentially, a learning journal helps you to be reflective about your learning, this means that your learning journal should not be a purely descriptive account of what you did etc but an opportunity to communicate your thinking work out how and why you did what you did, and what you now think about what you did.What is reflective learning? meditative learning is a learned process that requires time and practice. It is also an industrious process involving thinking through issues yourself, asking questions and seeking out relevant information to aid your understanding. Reflective learning works best when you think about what you are doing before, during and after your learning experience. Reflective learning is thence not only about recognising something new (new learning), it is also about seeing reality in a new way.Reflection is an important scientific discipline to develop, and requires you to think about how you personally are relating to what is happening on your course, during your assignment, or in your placement. The following diagram illustrates the process of reflective learning.

Associate Level Material Essay

As unwrap of your Research Plan, you must draft a investigate head word for your question piece of music. A look for question, which is more specific and focused then a general case, is the question that you earmark answer in your paper. For example, if your general theater of interest is Social Security, a potential search question considerable power ask, How might low-income families save more m unitaryy under a ameliorate Social Security plan that includes personal retirement accounts?As you cave in a investigate question, keep in mind that you will search sources with both supporting and different viewpoints. Do not select a narrow or oneness-sided issue that will limit your research instead, develop a research question that lends itself to further exploration and debate.What is you proposition or atomic number 18a of interest?My return area of interest is early media exposure and the subsequent attention problems in barbarianren.In what focusings is this topic appropriate for a persuasive essay? This topic is appropriate for a persuasive essay because it asks what attention problems john occur from children being clear to media at an early age. One of the attention issues that this could entail is attention deficit disorder.What is your research question?My research question is does early exposure to goggle box and internet relate to attention, behavior and sleep problems in children.How is your research question significant or relevant to the wider community?My research question is relevant to the wider community because the audience reading the paper would include parents, teachers, and those influenceing with children.What primer information provides the prelude grounds for your research?The background information that provides the preliminary grounds for my research are studies I shew conducted by child psychologists, and pediatricians.What are many expert or authoritative sources of information for your topic? I plan t o use the graphs, and information from studies conducted from child psychologists and pediatricians within my paper to give a broader scoop of the negative and positive effects media has on children.What types of materials do you convey to review for your research paper? I expect to review books, news articles, and research materials such as graphs and chart when conducting my research on this subject.What procedures will you follow to conduct your research?I will follow the procedures of the SQ3R system, as well as APA format. I will in like manner use webs and graphs to jot ideas and free write.What difficulties do you anticipate in conducting your research and supporting your side of the issue? The save difficulties I anticipate in conducting my research is writers block and the possible lack of valid source options as I hate to use wikipedia and blogs in any paper they just are not credible nor appropriate for a college level paper. all(a)y Level Material showStatisticsUCR and Self-Report DataComplete the matrix below. To do it this matrix, list two pros and two cons of consistent Crime Report (UCR) info and two pros and two cons of self-report data.Statistical InformationProsConsOfficial Information Uniform Crime Report (UCR)According to Uniform Crime reporting Statistics (n.d.), The UCR programme collects statistics on violent offensive (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and property crime (burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft).By congressional mandate, arson was added as the ordinal Part I offense in 1979. Arson statistics are not avai research research research laboratoryoratoryle for access on this site (Uniform Crime insurance coverage Statistics, n.d.). Valid assessments are possible only with careful study and digest of the various unique conditions collide withing each local law enforcement jurisdiction (Uniform Crime reporting Statistics, n.d.).According to Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics (n.d.), Until data users examine all the variables that affect crime in a town, city, county, state, region, or other jurisdiction, they can make no meaningful comparisons. summary Information Self-Report DataThe great advantage of self-report is that it gives you the respondents own views directly (Barker, Pistrang, & Elliott, 2005).The self-report methods can be used to obtain information in situations w present observational data are not normally available (Barker, Pistrang, & Elliott, 2005). People are not always truthful or forth coming with information during studies (Barker, Pistrang, & Elliott, 2005).The research participantsmay not be able to provide the level of detail, or use the concepts, that the researcher is interested in (Barker, Pistrang, & Elliott, 2005). electronic network ResourcesIdentify one Web imagination of official information and one Web resource of unofficial information astir(predicate) the occurrence of delinquency in the ge t together States. Copy and paste the URL addresses into the spaces provided.Official InformationURL of Web site http//www.ucrdatatool.gov/ranking.cfmName of Web site Uniform Crime Reporting StatisticsUnofficial InformationURL of Web site http//www.wiley.com/legacy/wileychi/ pooch/supp/excerpt.pdf Name of Web site Self-Report Methods fella Level Material EssayPlate Tectonics WorksheetAnswer the lab questions for this workweek and summarize the lab experience using this form. Carefully read Ch. 8 of Geoscience laboratoryoratory. Complete this weeks lab by filling in your retorts to the questions from Geoscience Laboratory. Although you are only required to respond to the questions in this worksheet, you are en resolutiond to answer others from the schoolbook on your own. Questions and charts are from Geoscience Laboratory, 5th ed. (p. 133-150), by T. Freeman, 2009, New York, NY John Wiley & Sons. Reprinted with permission.Lab Questions8.4 Which has the greater proportion of Iron, Magnetite, or Hematite? Hematite8.7 When the abstract exchange of a drill is thrown the drill rotates in the opposite billing. How does that affect the drills circuitry? The flow of electricity produces a magnetic discipline and a loop of wire within a magnetic ambit produces a flow of electricity, when the switch is thrown it reverses the magnetic field reservation drill spin in the education of the current flow. .9 Name the 2 other spheres.8.11 As Columbuss fleet sailed westward the dissension between magnetic north and celestial north changed. Did it increase of come down? Decreased, North magnetic pole deviates some 11 percent from the geographic pole. 8.12 Explain the difference in the orientations of the inclined compass needles in issue 8.18. Toward which cardinal direction is the observer facing? The needle of the compass dips downward in the northern hemisphere and upward in the southern hemisphere. 8.16 During which of these 5 geologic periods were Europe and North America most different in their positions with Earths magnetic field? Triassic8.17 Place the 3 kinds of reefs in figure 8.26 in their order of succession from oldest first to youngest last. Fringing reefs are the oldest, the next oldest would be the barrier reefs, and the youngest reefs are the atoll.8.18 What explains the shrinking of ocean glow as the crust moves absent from volcanoes? As the ocean crust moves away from the volcanoes the shrink because there is lower temperatures. Once the volcanoes form them they begin lamentable away downward. 8.20 Does it appear in figure 8.29 that the reversals in Earths magnetic field are separated in equal periods of time, or are they random in their occurrences? They are random in their occurrences because for example, some periods they reversed 3 generation, while in other periods they did not reverse at all. 8.21 What were the three observations that Vine and Mathews made closely the stripes? 1. Directional trends- stripes ten d to change all on the same direction.2. Order of the rubric coding on sides of the ridges- the order of the simulations on the side of the ridges corresponds to the color on the sea floor.3. Widths of stripes compared to the duration of stripes-the wider the stripes are the bimestrial the stripes lived. 8.25 Why doesnt the South American plate do beneath the Nazca plate? The Nazca plate is denser than the South American plate.8.26 How many historic period will it be until Los Angeles and San Francisco are side by side? round in 12.5 million years8.27 What is the average rate of northward causal agent of India during the past 71 million years (in centimeters per year)? 15/71= approximately 2.12 cm per year8.28 In centimeters per year, calculate the rate at which the peace-loving plate is moving northwestern to the hotspot (which is marked by fork out day volcanoes). 50/5= 10 centimeters per year8.30 Describe the direction of movement of the Pacific plate during the developm ent of the volcanic islands that comprise the Seamounts. How has that direction changed? During the development of volcanic islands, the pacific plates used to move more northward, just due to the bend in the seamounts caused the plates to shift its movement more on the northwest direction.Lab SummaryAddress the following in a 200-300 word summarySummarize the general principles and purpose of the lab.Explain how this lab helped you better understand the topics and concepts addressed this week. Describe what you found challenging about this lab.Describe what you found provoke about this lab.Write your summary hereThis lab was very informative about plate tectonics I figure quite a bit of new information during this study. thither were a few thing that I can remember perusing during high school, such as continental drift and how continents formed from one single land mass called Pangaea. One thing that I found challenging was about the earths magnetic fields, I get never know ho w magnetic field could ever change. And during this lab I saw that it did not change once but multiple times throughout the years, I in time had problems answering a few lab questions about the magnetic field. I also found this topic to be a little challenging, but also very interesting to learn about.Another interesting thing I learned about in this lab was about how a compass can have strain between the magnetic north and the celestial north. As the book says, this discrepancy made some members of the Columbus fleet gave up on their travel because they thought it was a sign. The thing I found to be interesting was how to calculate movement of the tectonic plates. Once again I real enjoyed this section of labs and look forward to the next set of lab assignments.Associate Level Material EssayGenerate a list of at least 10 of President Jeffersons decisions and actions. Decide which partys ideals are most aligned with the decision or action and provide an explanation of why the d ecision or action aligns with that party.Decisions and ActionsDemocratic-Republican Partys Beliefs and IdealsFederalist Partys Beliefs and IdealsThe Size of the governing was reducedThe decision was back up by Democratic and Republican as they wanted a little government Federalist didnt support his decision as they wanted a larger and more stronger government Louisiana PurchaseAllowed them to lighten their old bag on the nation so they were not opposed. Strongly opposed the purchase, favoring abutting relations with Britain over closer lies to Napoleon, and were concerned that the US had paid a large sum of money just to declare war on Spain Lewis and Clark ExpeditionThrough this would establish relationships with the natives. Wanted to learn more about the Natives in the west. Felt that exploring what was to the west of them would ruin what they had open up in the east. The trade embargo Act 1807To Force Britain to reconsider on the American trade by prohibiting theirgoods f rom being shipped Was to stop all trade during Jeffersons second term. abolishment of slave tradeIt opposed to the political power of slavery quite an than slavery itself Wanted to continue slave trade.Military academy establishedOpposed federalist polices if high tariffs, a navy, military spending, national debt and banking Resources to explore and hit the roofLess FormalityForm of dress code. They stood for the less wealthyBelieved in keeping an elegance in the white house and worn a more formal attire. The Legality of PartisanshipWant to reassess the settle.The senate refused to yard bird federalist judgeRepealed many taxes and reduced the number of federal employees Lined up with their beliefs for a small, weak government.Were in favor of taxation.Land PoliciesMade the Parcels little and more affordable, and allowed for payment over time, rather than a large compile sum Were not in favor of the payment planExpanding the farming(prenominal) RepublicWestern expansion was fa voredDid no want to develop the landAlliance with FranceWas in favor of this Alliance with FranceWanted to work with the BritishRepelled the judiciary Act of 1801They were all for itJefferson had dismissed many federalist and judges so they were against it.Part 2 ResponseWrite a 350-word response to the following question How Jeffersonian was Thomas Jefferson as death chair?Jefferson doesnt fit neatly into the label Jeffersonian. Jeffersons commitment to the musical interval of church and state, his Virginia Act for Establishing Religious Freedom, adopted in 1786, barred government from taxing to fund churches. As president, he wrote that he respected the prime(prenominal) Amendments wall of separation between church and state. Yet he allowed and attended religious services in the U.S. Capitol and used federal funds to finance Christian missions to Native American nations. Jefferson hoped that converting Indians would induce them to embrace clannish property and live like thei r white neighbors. Jeffersons embrace of austere construction, or limiting the federal government to powers explicitly granted by the Constitution, also masks contradictions.When in 1803 Jefferson learned that the United States could buy the Louisiana rule from France for $15 million, at first he thought that a complete amendment would be needed to authorize the treaty. But instead, he directed American diplomats to make the deal without an amendment. Jefferson argued that he held the presidency in trust for the American people. Like any trustee, he could use his powers creatively for their benefit. If they approved of what he did, even if it seemed to violate the Constitution, they could reelect him. Jeffersons ownership of slaves also collides with the representative spirit that Jeffersonian implies. The man who wrote in the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal owned slaves all his life. His 1787 book Notes on the State of Virginia displays the discord ove r slavery that bedeviled him.In one chapter, he insisted that slavery was a dreadful wrong and that, in a contention between rebelling slaves and their masters, the Almighty has no attribute which could take sides with us. In another, he suggested as a suspicion only that people of African livestock were inferior to people of European descent, and that this inferiority might explain and even partly justify slavery. His friend James Madison explained that, like others of great genius, Jefferson had a habit of expressing in strong and round terms, impressions of the moment. The third presidents closest political ally, Madison learned the hard way to take Jeffersons inconsistencies in stride. Posterity ought to do the same, as expecting perfective consistency from imperfect human beings will always result in disappointment and cynicism. Instead of bowing down before Jefferson, we should have the courage to look him in the eye.

Jahangir

Sedimentary rocks in Pakistan range in age from Precambrian to Miocene i. e from oldest to youngest on the geological time scale form 542 one million million million years to latest. Luckily for geoscientists all of them ar exposed in contrasting parts of the country. Lithologically they constitute sandstone, limestone, shale and mixed lithologies of them all. These rocks are exposed all along the mountain ranges from Islamabad in north to Karachi in the south. Igneous rocks are exposed north of Peshawar or only at Nagarparker in the southeasterly corner of the country.You better study Stratigraphy and historical geology of Pakistan by Kazmi and Abbasi (2008), which will fork up you a full knowledge about the rocks in Pakistan. Geology and tectonics of Pakistan by Kazmi and Jan (1997) also gives details of distribution of ores and minerals in different parts of the country. name calling de Mergel en marl Description Marl is a sedimentary rock made of clay and limestone, which be longs to the family of pelitic rocks (clays

Ageing problem in China

The second half of the 20 century, valet de chambre beings has experienced the most rapid nation senescent population process, oddly in developed countries. Meanwhile, China followed the step to get in an suppurateing society with weak economic strength and an Im faultless system which demand signifi toleratet Impact In economy and society. In addition, the current white-haired-age security, health c ar Institutions and traditional management system have non unbroken pace with the development of erstwhile(a) age boom, so that Chinas g overnment should retire a series of measures to abet wad to prepare for middle-aged age.The join Nations believe that if the old people in a country over the age of 60 are more than 10 percent or over arrears old of population for more than percent of the total effect, accordingly it is already belongs to an develop population country. This problem is generated by population age structure, while the change depends on triplet accomp animentors births, deaths and migration. The most Important comp int determining the ageing population Is the decline of fertility rate. l So far, In our country in that location are 144 million of classified old people, making 1 1 percent population in total, and increase at percent average annual rate.It Is predicted that by 2020 Chinas remote population impart reach million, accounting for 17. Percent in total, and after 2050, the entropy will jump to percent, getting into severe ageing stage. The ageing levels leap from Percent to percent in Just less than arrears, while Britain, France, the get together States and other western industrialized countries of will take roughly arrears. 2 As a developing country with a large population, this rate is so staggering. Impact Ageing population Is the product related to national economy, politics, affectionateization and any other fields.It concerns the peoples livelihood and national sustainable development strategies of major social Issue. In this paper I will discuss deuce mall Impacts related In economy and the whole society. With the growth In the number of people living longer, it brings financial difficulties, especially in China, the number of old people is large and the number increases dramatically which means the authorities needs to increase the financial expenditure in retirement pay, pensions, health care, health insurance and elderly welfare.Moreover, there is not a perfect social security system in our country. The labor market is too affect by an ageing population. To be specific, it causes a decline in the proportion of working-age population and the ageing labor force, leading to a decrease in supply of workforce and labor productivity. In this case, China will find it hard to change the situation In cheap labors point and get some competitive edge in the International market. The expenditure structure and Industrial structure might be changed.We endnot Ignore the fact that old pe ople are a kind of special consumer root word In living goods, housing, tourism and medical examination checkup care. With the number of old people going up, those consumer rodents gain their position in the market which is the reason to acquire the medical industry in a large extent. The elderly are the major consumer of health care multitude and main beneficiaries in medical insurance system. On the one hand, old people belong to the group of easily attacked by diseases because body tissues and organs are heading into a higher speed aging process, and the propelance is too weak to resist the attack of disease.The relevant research indicates that percent of critical illness shared by the people who are over arrears old is 5. 6 clock more than the total in the whole country. On the other hand, there are varieties of demands in health advantage and the medical expenditure is break more and more expensive, so that numerous families can not concede it. The burden of family w ill be heavier than before. A family with old people is infallible long-term care serve, rehabilitation care and spiritual consolation and so on.Nowadays in China, the structure of family affected by One Child Policy, one person required to support the four elderly and one child. How stressful they are. Strategies Facing the severe situation of an ageing population, it is a challenge for the Chinese overspent. In order to promote sustainable development and harmonious society, the three below strategies can be done by giving medication to encourage people to have a happy life in their old age. To improve the old-age medical security system and continue to be improved.It can offer a effective and a whole set of services from hospital to daily health care, as well as medical insurance, pension insurance and elderly welfare for the old people. In addition, it stimulates the economic boom of relevant industry, such as home-care agencies. Paying greater tending to the elderly commun ity service system and strengthening community- based social welfare and the basic community service function. The overwhelming majority of old people are empty nesters, which mean they like the birds living in the empty nest and no one take care of them.Considering this situation, administration should invest more on building elderly community service system, like increase the sport equipment, medical services, elderly community activities and projects. To cause people more aware of elderly health care by promoting or advertising. In this way people will gradually reflexion and improve the ability to remain independence. It can also help the elderly to be self-reliance, self-care and self-help capabilities which will benefit for their physical and mental health.On the other words, it can cultivate a healthy aging environment to reduce aging, so that many organs and functions could be extended as much as possible. In conclusion, much needs to be done to deal with the ageing popul ation, and it not only depends on a robust system of government but also the effort of the public. As the saying goes, Rome was not built in a day. We need to develop step by step and learn from experiences other countries to help us to promote outline of sustainable development.

Haze: Pollution and Sophisticated Forest Clearing

The overcast is a constant phenomenon faced by Malaysia and her neighbouring countries. The murkiness is basically pollution of atmosphere, which is clogged with pollutants and other substances from set fires. The haze is a direct effect of forest fire in Kalimantan and other separate oaf Indonesia due to slash and burn method of farming. The Indonesian government appear to nonplus no power to control farmers from practising such methods. The haze is further worsened by sacrifice burning exertiond by most Malaysians.Open-field burning of rice straw by the rice planters and open burning of dried leaves and garbage done by the public are a few examples that done by Malaysian. Many are stupid of the health effects of open burning. During the haze, hospitals and clinic often report a striking increase in respiratory problems, lung infections and asthma attack. The Air Pollution force (API) usually indicates the hazardous and dangerous levels of pollution during this period. Th e haze has long-term position effects. Prolonged inhalation of polluted air will result in serious lung infection which particularly affects the elderly.The government must play its image to reduce the haze treat. It has to cooperate with the Indonesian authorities to stamp knocked out(p) forest fires. The culprits must be brought to justice, either by dint of healthy elegant or prison sentence. Constant vigilance would ensure the perpetrators do non repeat their offence. The government should as well as raise the public awareness of the dangers of forest fire. Continuous fly the coop of the cause, solutions and steps-need-to-be-taken to reduce the haze need to be promoted through all types of social media like television, radio, newspaper and even via internet.The authorities should also provide assistance to farmers and introduce more sophisticated forest clearing methods. In Malaysia, strict laws must be imposed to penalise those who practise open burning. On-going campai gns on the dangers of open burning should be intensified. Individuals too shake a role to play. They must participate in every campaign and stop burning. Students can advise their parents not to practice open burning. both individual has to remember that we do not own the world, but sort of we lent it from our future generations. We must protect our world so that our grandchildren woulh have a healthy earth to live.

Biopsychosocial Paper Essay

Family Composition Steven shortly lives with foster parents. on that point is other teen age male in the home. consort Stevens file prior to this placement he lived with his biologic let, and prior to residing with his biologic fetch Steven was placed in group homes and foster placements, having been previously been aloof by CPS from his parents care due to join abuse issues. Steven receives a each hebdomad a weekly 2-hour visit with his bio coherent pay back that is administer by an agency monitor. According to societal proletarians case notes these visit take place at a local dinner.Steven is to a fault eligible for weekly observed 1-hour visits with his biological father. However, amic equal actor has written in his case notes that father offer no longer make the visits with biological mother due to the fact that he now works graveyard shifts. tender proles every quarter write up states that the mother has had worry refraining from discussing inappropriate topi cs involving her family court case and relate topics with Steven during visits. Also, the mother would some times get defensive when redirected away from discussing these topics.The hearty worker also wrote in the quarterly Report that Steven appeared to enjoy see with his mother, and would often ask her for things that his foster parents sacrifice already said he could not have until he earned it. But the biological mother has been supporting the foster parents by not expectant into Stevens begging. According to the Quarterly Report Stevens foster parents have noticed that his behavioral difficulties at home appear to coincide with his supervised visits with his biological mother. Household Composition According to Stevens file he has lived in his current placement since March 2, 2007.This home consists of the foster parents, and another teenager placed finished the agency mental health program. Quarterly Report states that Stevens foster father is the primary caregiver. Fo ster father has told social worker that Steven lies and manipulates the truth and then gets in trouble for this. Social worker states in his case notes that Steven does not appear to think that he is doing anything wrong. Overall, the social worker feels that Steven is comfortable in this home. According to the Quarterly report Stevens foster father mainly works with him on customary lecture care of his hygiene consistently.As part of an agreement to earn particular(a) cash, Steven is expected to bathe, brush his teeth, apply deodorant, and comb his hair daily. Developmental/ genuine Health There is no information about Stevens take in or early development. According to file Steven had a material trial run on April 27, 2007 and was diagnosed as a well adolescent. The doctor commented that he has a history of ADHD and Depression. Steven received new glasses in May 2007. Steven also had a dentist appointment on April 26, 2007 during which he had two cavities filled.Also accordin g to Stevens file, he has been prescribed mind-expanding medications. These include Abilify and Ritalin. Mental Health According to file, Steven has been diagnosed with ADHD, Cognitive Disorder NOS, and disquiet Disorder NOS. He is currently taking medications for these disorders. He presents with some of the continent ADHD symptoms such as inattention, restlessness, and impulsivity even when he is on his medication. The social worker stated that he is a st mould kid and that he cant or wont look you in the eyes. He appears to miss self-esteem and self confidence.According to quarterly report, Stevens though process is scattered, and he is mentally and emotionally younger than his chronic logical age of fourteen. Social worker writes that is Steven does not get his way, he shows thwarting by pouting, excessive questioning asking why he cant get his way, and slamming doors. According to case notes, Steven has broken his glasses, a slipstream basket, a DVD player, a PlayStation, and has punched a hole in the wall. Steven seems to lack social skills. Intake notes state that he has had a history of physical aggression towards peers at school, and that he is impulsive.Stevens file indicated that he has been baffling in a group through his WRAP services provider to help him with socialization skills, and he attends these meeting on a weekly basis. Steven also receives EMQ Wraparound services for his mental health needs. Quarterly Report states that Steven has an EMQ facilitator that arrange these services. He receives therapy services once a week contracted through EMQ Family Services. In addition, he has two behaviorists who visit him once a week to work on behavior contracts. Steven is prescribed psychotropic medication.His psychiatrist also works for EMQ. Because these service providers are part of EMQ Wraparound program, Steven is supported with a consentaneous network of specialists who cater to his specific mental health needs. Sexual account stateme nt According to Stevens social worker, he is starting to become implicated in girls, and likes talking to them and getting their attention. Alcohol and Substance Use annals Steven has no alcohol or substance abuse history, but his father has had problems with alcohol. This is why Steven was placed in protective custody. Educational HistorySteven is currently in the ninth grade at a local public high school. According to his file he has an active IEP that places him in a special day class for the emotionally disturbed (SDC/ED) children. Social worker writes that Steven can handle the class work and homework, but struggles emotionally and behaviorally during class. According to the social workers report, Stevens last teacher noted that he has difficulty staying in his seat as well as disturbing the students in the class with his talking. According to Stevens IEP he falls within average range in reading, math, written language and oral expression.However, he has difficulty with perc eive comprehension, handwriting size and spacing, organizing, maintaining focus, and handling frustration. Prevocation skills listed as areas of concern on Stevens IEP were task completion, social skills and follows directions. Also on the IEP as areas of need include written language. According to Stevens IEP, he is able to write multiple paragraphs, but lacks proper writing conventions. The IEP also shows that Steven is flip all his classes with a GPA above a 3. 0. Social worker states that Steven does not want to be in special education classes because it is not cool.

After You, My Dear Alphone (Mrs Wilson) Essay

Mrs Wilson seems, to me at least, to be a bit aging fashioned something that isnt quite so odd, considering the story was written in the 1940s. I can imagine her being the typical housewife, struggling in the kitchen, gossiping and worrying with the neighbourhood women and fussing over minor details concerning her cherished son, Johnny. However, her temper can get the best of her, creating tension and thus leave a perspective next to unbearable. In the storys situation I know I would find it unbearable by abbreviate awkwardnessAs soon as little dismal Boyd enters her house, the assumptions hummock up in Mrs Wilsons head. Instantly feeling sorry for him and lacking to take care of him, she makes accredited Johnny doesnt take benefit of him and starts feeding the new boy. As kind hearted as it may seem, it took a nasty turn towards the end. When she talks about Boyds parents and how he needfully to eat enough to work hard, she assumes he knows from a poor black family, st ruggling to make ends meet. Theres nothing about Boyd that would mite her to think so, except that hes black and smaller than Johnny.She adept immediately builds up this whole idea of this poor little boy. That rightfully is a vague estimate of a book-covers content ( judicial decision a book by its cover), that she nonetheless is sure of. And doing so makes her impairmentd. She hardly listens to Boyds explanation of his familys situation, and certainly doesnt accept it. Not even when he tells her, that his father is a foreman. by and by on, she pretty much forces their own unwanted clothes on the boy, expecting gratitude in return.When Boyds response was wonder, not understanding why he would be needing them, she becomes aggressive. Her reaction makes her seem arrogant, almost as if she needs the boy to be inferior. This makes her very unlikeable and shows her true colour. In todays Denmark, there are people of all colours, ethnicities and and religions. Over the years this h as become to a greater extent and more accepted, but still there are Danes who look at them with distrust or just distaste. This can be a entrust of the criminal doings, that are caused by the immigrants.It can also be because these immigrants come bringing foreign culture to Denmark, which some Danes find hard to understand. And its an old habit, that what you dont know, you fear. When talking only about prejudice towards different races, it instantly becomes more difficult to explain. Racists can have some(prenominal) different reasons as to why they feel a certain bearing or even resentment towards another race. Some have got their opinions in childhood from their parents and some from experience. Whatever the reason, it is generalisation of a whole clod of people and doing so is always wrong.

Training Professionals Have a Leading Role in Innovation and Change.

Management is a fundamental and full ara of line of merchandise reality today. Effective management practices flock lead to organizational success. For organizations to exceed achieve this success, they need to be receptive to foundation garment and change. With these as objectives in mind, it becomes apparent that rearing professionals can play a leading spot. modify (in a business context) can basically mean the management to plan, initiate, realize, control, and change change on some(pre zero(prenominal)inal), corporate and personal level (Recklies 2011), while concept is defined by Sylver (2011) as a mean the introduction of something revolutionary that makes something better than it was before. preparation professionals are those people who help companies use the virtually(prenominal) out of their workforce, whether they need to receive postulateing or not (Armson 2008). The purpose of this essay is to successfully explain the leading role that cultivation prof essionals suck in in innovation and change.Nowadays, the role of a teach professional is to successfully come up with a program that will improve the cognitive operation of a certain work group with the best practices to lead towards innovation and change (Miller 2010). Having the right skills to professionally develop someone is essential of the facts of life professionals. As mentioned by Training and growing (2008), professional victimization is fundamentally an organized maintenance, improvement and broadening of knowledge and skills as well as the personal development of ones qualities to the level that is necessary to apply relevance and effectiveness.Generally, it is fundamental that training professionals help the organizations workers observe all that they need in order to know how to get their demarcation done (Poell, Van Der Krogt, Vermulst, Harris & Simons, 2011). Having the right approach is a fundamental misuse for training professionals to successfully deliv er their training and development programs. Firms, nowadays, make capacious effort to in effect(p)ly succeed on training their employees.For instance, one of the introductory steps of training that Mc Donalds US company take ins to its new employees is to control a class called beefburger U which is now kn ingest as Bachelor of Hamburgerology so that they can fully lowstand the firms culture and produce a more efficient work (Nations Restaurant News 2005). It is also grievous that training professionals approach cautiously to their superiors, as they might need some training or pleader as well. Furthermore, an interesting approach that can be used to train people is to simply not train people.By that, it means that having a training program might not always necessarily be needed measure for performance improvement or change. There are a lot more factors than just the lack of skill that can influence a worker. Asking questions, as Nick Miller (2010) said, closely motivat ion, purpose, end goal, leading indicators, and performance obstacles are a really important step to fully know if training is actually needed or not. This is also missed most time due to the lack of human relationship between the superiors and the general workers.It is essential that organizations develop innovation into their training and development programs. ANZ Bank focuses its training in four main points Learning for leading and talent where they help leaders develop their leadership skills Core briming skills where the bank aims to train its employees to develop the necessary technical skills to be able to forgather their customers Organizational culture and values where it aims to improve social interaction and a deeper knowledge of cultures and finally Learning infrastructure where the focus is on ensuring that everyone gets the training that they need (ANZ 2011).The company itself focuses their four points all so that they can bring out the best of its employees towar ds its customers. Cr own is another huge company who has its own training program that is also aimed at their employees. In fact, they admit their own college called invest College (HC Online 2011) where employees undergo training to improve themselves. Crown College has a alliance with Swinburne University for its extensive efficient management training programs.As Crowns human resources executive general manager Peter Coyne (HC Online 2011) mentioned Employees might suck down the Certificate pathway and then step into a sheepskin of Business, which can be converted into a degree at Swinburne at some point in the future , this shows that crown focuses its main training facility for a younger age group and that the firm, as mentioned by Peter Coyne (HC Online 2011), trains younger people who got work in crown that had contain success in secondary school (HC Online 2011) to change their mindsets from having a play in this epartment of hospitality to turn it into a life time ca reer. ANZ and Crown are two companies that belong to distinct industries. ANZ is a bank and gets its income in the main from their clients that keep their currency there, whereas Crown is a Hotel/Casino where it earns its income from a broad area of hospitality and from gambling itself. Similarly, both firms bring out the most of its employees for one goal customer satisfaction. Both firms might belong to different industries, but both need customers in order to survive. ANZ needs their money in the bank and Crown needs them for the casino and hotel as well.They both provide services to their customers and the degree of how satisfied the customers are is a really important point for both firms. On the other hand, ANZ focuses its training on people with a good base education that also have high years of pass in the field (ANZ 2011) and Crown aims its training towards the younger age group who doesnt have much experience as well as studies. In conclusion, various sources believe t hat the role of Training Professionals is essential for business success, because these people can provide a competitive advantage.Approaches taken by Training Professionals tend to vary, but their prevalent objective is to lead an organization into the level where the business becomes more efficient so that it meets the leaders goals and expectations. In my opinion, training professionals might be under rated. Not much people would even think of it as an extract for their careers, but this role is so important for an organization because of its unlimited dominance of improving any whatsoever department of the company. ReferencesMiller, N 2010, Leading work innovation and change brave new role, T+D, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 54-58 Poell, R F, Van der Krogt, F J, Vermulst, A A, Harns, R, Simons, M 2006, Roles of informal employment trainers in different organisational contexts empirical evidence from Australian companies, Human choice Development Quarterly, vol 17, no. 2, pp. 175-198 . Retrieved 14 August 2011 HC Online 2011, Taking the crown HR at crown casino retrieved 18 family 2011, ANZ 2011, Learning and Development retrieved 17 September 2011, Sylver, B 2011, What does Innovation really mean? , retrieved 17 September 2011, Recklies, O 2011, Managing Change Definition and Phases in Change Processes retrieved 16 September 2011, Armson, G. 2008, How innovative is your culture? Coaching for creativity in the workplace, Training & Development, p. 20-23, retrieved on the 14 September 2011, Business Source Complete, AN 41563804 Training & Development 2008, The L&D professional Up-Skilling, developing and evolving, p. 23-24, retrieved 15 September 2011 , Business Source Complete, AN 43387257 Nations Restaurant News 2005, Hamburger University Ensuring the future, p. 104-107, retrieved 16 September 2011, Business Source Complete, AN 16764918

Reaction Paper About Martial Law

Reaction Paper about legions Law On September 21, 1972, President Ferdinand E. Marcos placed the Philippines infra hawkish Law. The declaration issued under Proclamation 1081 suspended the civil rights and imposed military authority in the agricultural. Marcos defended the declaration stressing the need for extra powers to quell the salary increase wave of violence allegedly caused by communists. As I watched the 11 clips of soldierlike Law, different feelings showed up in me.Related reading hawkish Law ReflectionAt first, knowing that a bright Filipino would take oer the presidents position during those times, I feel contented because my picture show regarding how he would rule the Philippines allow for be on a nigh state. However, as I continued watching the clips, my contentment feeling became pettishness because as he proclaimed that the Philippines will be under Martial Law, my good impression about him was ruined. Benigno Aquino Jr. ssued a warning during his obste trical delivery since he is a newly elected senate he stated that the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos was slowly being in a garrison state wherein the country will be under the control of militarist forces. When I apothegm this scene, I was actually agreeing with what Sen. Aquino said. During the early 1970s, the anti-g all overnment started doing rallies concerning the increase of price of gasoline and sanctioned commodities, presence of US Military bases in the Philippines, foreign control over economy, corruption in the governing and widening gap between fertile and poor.In this kind of scene, the government should start having reform movements so that the protests of the people will not be wasted but instead of this, violence is the governments response. The government should understand the side of the mass but they were contradicted to what they be supposed to be doing. I also recalled in the film was the situation Miranda which was the symbol of democracy and freedom of speech since the activists and politicians gathers here.

Advertisement: Cosmopolitan Magazine

In this Cosmopolitan magazine ad for Tacori jewelry, there is a silver love comb stick with rich, well-disposed brown sexual love on the end of it. The honey looks like it is b bely about to drip off of the stick, making the honey look very indulgent. On the baseball glovele of the honey stirrer ar three engagement resonances. The pot one is a wedding band with rhombs around the whole band. The nerve center ring and the top ring atomic number 18 the same ring mediocre with different views. The middle ring is the top view and the top ring is the side view.The ring has one big rounded squargon diamond in the middle and little diamonds around it and on the band quadruple more diamonds on each side. From the ad, the marketing idea is that these sound are a treat, sort of like and indulgent to go along with the saucy honey. In this ad, the honey wand is silver, unlike normal ones that are unremarkably wooden or plastic. Color is a very important degree when creating an ad , and in this ad, the colors chosen were the not glary or vibrant colors, they were simple yet elegant.The background is all white, which allows all of the attention to be drawn to the delectable golden honey on the wand and to the scintillate silver of the sound. The word TACORI is located at the top left hand corner of the ad. It is a thin, black font and does not take up a lot of room, it is just enough to let the lector hunch forward what the brand is. I think that the reason why there are not many colors and the name of the company is not a huge bold font is because the main focus is the rings themselves. The honey wand is rather large and the rings are zoomed in on so that the crystal clear diamonds shimmer on the magazine paper.The bright yellow, deep orange and brown from the honey add the only pat of color for this ad. I think the colors of the honey though are utilise to create a rich feeling to the ad, after all, these rings are the best and money the best is what money can buy. The tip off of vision for this ad is very important because in order to share a product such as these diamond rings, the viewer need to see all of the aspects of the rings. This ad did a very near military control at showing the rings in different angles. The ring at the bottom of the honey wand is the wedding band.In the ad, the ring is positioned so that the diamonds that go around the entire ring can be seen however in addition the inside of the ring is shown because the word TACORI is stamped on the inside. This is a very good marketing strategy because the rings look more desirable knowledgeable they are name brand. The middle ring is the engagement ring. It is positioned so that the reader is looking straight at the huge square setting of the ring. It shows the top, which is what a individual sees if they are wearing the ring. This makes it easier for a person to imagine what it would be like to wear the ring.And the top ring shows the side of the ring, and the small but beautiful details of the smaller diamonds surrounding the sides of the ring. This gives a person the estimable view of the rings at every angle. There are no characters in this ad nor are there any catchy phrases or sayings. The ad is very clear and shows everything the business needs for a person to want what is being advertised. I dont think that characters were used in the ad because it would take away from the ring. If a woman sees a gorgeous model wearing a ring, they are not loss to put all of their focus on the ring they are press release to look at the surrounding objects.With this ad, there are no distracting people, just sweet honey to make the rings look like a tempting dessert. I think the impression that the ad gives is that these rings are a treat. We as Americans love to be treated well and withdraw things that are valued in our society. A woman for instance loves to be lavished with clothes and shoes and fine jewelry. And this ad is the perfect example of how the honey represents a sweet treat and the rings should go along with it. The rings are a treat for a woman, and she should indulge herself in it. What amiable of woman wouldnt want these rings on her finger?

Evaluation of Maladaptive Behavior Essay

Maladaptive deportment is commonly observed in churlren who befool troubled family lives or first gear self esteem (Maladaptive mien, 2003). In this case, there could be several reasons that the small fry is exhibiting and engaging in nonadaptive fashion related to his environment at home. Using a variety of theories of moral phylogenesis as comfortably as a question-answer evaluation of the p benting styles of the churls p arnts, the nonadaptive fashion seen in the chela as soundly as a stem will try to be understood.Different types of maladaptive behavior ar attributed to different problems. While most p arents simply deliberate that their babe is misbehaving, maladaptive behavior is usually classified in groupings such as concern-seeking or revengeful, behavior inappropriateness (Maladaptive Behavior, 2003). The child being observed exhibits both types of maladaptive behavior, which can most apt(predicate) be explained by moral development theories and poor par enting.For the behaviors such as repeating swear words, throwing food on the floor, drawing on the walls, and screaming in public, it is most likely a leave of a self esteem or attention-seeking issue. The child is trying to get in trouble to get attention from the parents (Maladaptive Behavior, 2003). The child knows these behaviors are bad as Kohlberg states, younger school-aged children tend to think either in terms of concrete, unvarying rulesor in terms of the rules of society(Feldman, 2011 p. 311). However, the child also knows that participating in these behaviors will result in attention from the parents.The child is obviously aware that these actions are not societally accepted because it is likely that they have not observed them in their teachers, parents or other respectable authority figures (Feldman, 2011). In this area of maladaptive behavior, it would seem that the parents might have an uninvolved parenting style. To determine if this is true, the parents should be take uped questions about their involvement with the child and how concern they are with aspects of his development other than their role as a provider.The side by side(p) questions would suffice Do you believe that your only job is to feed, clothe, and shelter your child? (Feldman, 2011) Is there any child abuse or neglect in the family? (Feldman, 2011) How involved with your child would you say you are on a periodic basic, specifically related to disciplining their behavior? (Feldman, 2011) These would all be important to ask because if their answers indicate that they are neglectful, uninvolved in disciplinary as well as other areas of development, or confused on their role as a parent, they may be uninvolved parents.According to the textbook, Children whose parents show uninvolved parenting styles are the worst offtheir parents lack of involvement disrupts their emotional development, tip them to feel unloved(Feldman, 2011 p. 317). This could make them act out in an att ack to get the attention of their indifferent or detached parents.The reasons behind the childs behavior of hitting other children in daycare and ignoring come in commands from parents may be more along the lines of revengeful maladaptive behavior as it is intentional causation of harm to another student or person (Maladaptive Behavior, 2003). According to Piaget, children in the heteronomous stage, which happens in the early years of childhood, believe in immanent justice, the notion that rules that are broken earn neighboring(a) punishment(Feldman, 2011 p. 309). For this child, it is possible that he does not understand that his behavior is unsufferable even if he is mad at another student.This is probably the result of permissive parenting by the parents. The student most likely has never cognize that his behavior is bad because permissive parents such as his provide sluttish and in reconciled feedbackand place little or no confines or match on their childrens behavior (F eldman, 2011 p.316). To determine if this is true of the parents style of discipline the side by side(p) questions could be asked Do you expect a lot from your child in the areas of behavior? Would you ever be punitive or clear and consistent in your limits with your child? It they answer that they have few expectations, would rarely limit their children, or are inconsistent with their discipline it is possible that their permissiveness is make the child to act badly in school and disregard their subject area when it is given.Based on the observation of the parenting styles the child sees at home as well as the information from the moral development theories, it is clear that the parents are most likely at fault for their childs maladaptive behavior. If they want their child to correct his behavior, they should engage in more haughty parenting as children raised in this parenting style fare bestare independent, friendly with peers, and cooperative (Feldman, 2011 p.317). The pare nt should, as a part of this parenting style, be firm and set clear and consistent limits on their children. Additionally, induction, or discipline paired with explanation, can also be used so the child knows what they did and why it was wrong and can correct it in the future (Lee, 2013).ReferencesFeldman, R.S. (2011). biography span development A topical approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall. Lee, M. (2013, April 1). Class 28 Prosocial Behavior, Values, and Spirituality. GPSYCH 160 Life Span humankind Development Section 8. Lecture conducted from James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA. Maladaptive Behavior. (2003). Retrieved April 8, 2013, from http//disease.disease.com/Therapy/Behavior/maladaptive-behavior.html

A Christmas to Remember Essay

When I was younger, there were two things that I looked forward to each year Christmas, and the thoughts of getting the most popular toy topped the list egesting metre with my grandfather was a close second. When I was six, in December of 1990, I found out that I was deviation to die Christmas at my grandp arnts house. It was everything I could possibly hope for. Little did I know at the term, it was going to be a Christmas I would never forget, and that would change me forever.Christmas, for me, meant the pretty presents, wrapped in shiny paper with huge bows on them, which sat chthonian the tree. It meant the Christmas tree, so beautifully decorated. It meant the splendid Christmas meal made of turkey, ham, vegetables and my moms apple pie. But most of each(prenominal)(prenominal), the vacations meant the shiny new presents that I would be receiving I would sit around for weeks, trying to come up with a Christmas list good enough to rival what I knew my friends would be getting as well. That year I had to have a Gameboy, and the Super Mario institution game that went along with it. I realize, now, that I was very spoiled, but I didnt care. The holidays were a time active me, and notwithstanding me. And this Christmas was going to be the best one of all, spent with my grandpa.A agglomerate of young kids are intimidated by their grandparents, whether it be the typical old person smell, the inability to relate to young people, or just the fact that they are boring. non me though, I had the coolest grandfather in the world. He used to dress up handle in different costumes just because he felt like it. The two of us always went out hunting or search or sometimes just to sit out on their syndicate and talk. Some girls are Daddys girls, but I was a Granddaddys girl. I had never spent Christmas with my grandparents before and could entirely imagine just how wonderful it could be there. Early in December, my mom told me that we were going to be s pending my entire holiday break in Arkansas with my grandparents. In hindsight, I should have known that something was wrong for both(prenominal) my parents to take a month off of work but I wasnt thinking close to that. I wasnt thinking just about anything but my grandpaThe end of school came and went, and in no time we were in the car drivingfrom Dallas, Texas to Magnolia, Arkansas. I watched out the window as we left the flat lands of Texas and entered the small hills of Arkansas. There was til now snow on the ground Upon arriving to the house, I could sense something was different. The atmosphere of the house wasnt rather as joyful and boisterous as rough-cut. My grandfather wasnt his usual self he was trying to be the energetic man we all knew, but it just wasnt the same. raze when my aunts, uncles and cousins got to town, things were still very hushed. My cousins and I all knew something was wrong, we just couldnt quite figure out what it was. I constantly heard the hu shed whispers of my mom with my grandma and my two uncles. indoors a couple days everything came to light. In the middle of the night a few weeks before Christmas, the lights were turned on and my grandfather was taken to the hospital. Even in my groggy state, I knew that things were going to change a lot in the next few days. At the hospital I was apprised that my grandfather was not expected to live much longer. He had been diagnosed with colon cancer before I was born and had been in remission, but it was fend for and it was spreading uncontrollably. The next few days were hard on all of us. We were in and out of the hospital. I forgot that it was even Christmas time. I think my entirely family did. My grandpa was constantly in surgery to try to remove the give cancerous parts. All of this taking a toll on his body, he was put into ICU. Christmas was now only a couple days away, and universe in ICU meant that there was no hope to spend the holiday with him.Christmas day was the most disheartening experience of it all. On Christmas morning, we didnt even want to open presents. It didnt seem right to have something so joyous while he was hanging on for life in a cold stark hospital bed, but we did anyways. I got the Gameboy that I had wanted so badly, only I could have cared less about getting the toy that I had been so excited about only weeks earlier. Rather than cooking at home we went to the hospital and ate in the cafeteria. Reflecting back, I think it was hardest on my grandmother. They had spent nearly 50 Christmases together and for the first time, she was getting a glimpse of what it would be like to spend the rest without him.The next morning, my grandfather passed away. The complications of his cancer, along with his age, had been too much on him and his body just gave out. I am thankful that I got to spend the last Christmas with the man that I loved so much. There isnt a Christmas that goes by that I dont think about my grandfather, and all of the experiences I have shared with him. Christmas in Arkansas has buzz off a tradition in our family. That year Christmas stopped being about pretty bows and wrapping paper, and started being about warehousing. I learned that memory is a way of holding on to the things you love, and the things you wish to never lose. In a world changes way too fast, the best we can do is wish each other Merry Christmas and learn that life does, in fact, move on.

Deception Point Page 110

Sexton had no idea what the man was talking ab give away. The reporter pass on him the photocopies. Sexton looked at the pages-and for a moment, his mind went tot every(prenominal)y blank.No linguistic process came.He was staring at unfamiliar photographs. Black-and-white images. Two people. Naked. weaponry and legs intertwined. For an instant, Sexton had no idea what he was looking at. Then it registered. A cannonb altogether to the gut.In horror, Sextons head snapped up to the crowd. They were laughing straightway. Half of them were already phoning in the story to their news desks.Sexton felt a obturate on his shoulder.In a daze, he wheeled.Rachel was standing there. We tried to stop you, she said. We gave you every chance. A charr stood beside her.Sexton was trembling as his eyeball moved to the woman at Rachels side. She was the reporter in the cashmere coating and mohair beret-the woman who had knocked over his envelopes. Sexton saw her face, and his blood turned to ice.G abrielles dark eyeball seemed to bore right through him as she reached down and opened her coat to reveal a vision of white envelopes tucked neatly on a lower floor her arm.132The Oval Office was dark, lit only by the soft reflect of the brass lamp on President Herneys desk. Gabrielle Ashe held her chin high as she stood ahead the President. Outside the window behind him, dusk was gathering on the due west lawn.I hear youre leaving us, Herney said, sounding baffle.Gabrielle nodded. Although the President had graciously offered her doubtful sanctuary inside the pureness House away from the press, Gabrielle preferred non to ride out this particular storm by hiding out in the eye. She wanted to be as far away as possible. At least for a while.Herney gazed across his desk at her, looking impressed. The woof you make this morning, Gabrielle He paused, as if at a loss for words. His eye were simple and clear- aught compared to the deep, enigmatic pools that had once drawn Gabri elle to Sedgewick Sexton. And yet, even in the setting of this powerful place, Gabrielle saw true kindness in his gaze, an honor and self-regard she would not soon forget.I did it for me, too, Gabrielle finally said.Herney nodded. I owe you my convey all the same. He stood, motioning for her to follow him into the hall. I was actually hoping youd stick nigh long enough that I could offer you a post on my budgeting staff.Gabrielle gave him a dubious look. Stop spending and start mending?He chuckled. Something like that.I think we both know, sir, that Im more of a obligation to you at the moment than an asset.Herney shrugged. Give it a few months. It will all blow over. Plenty of great men and women pay endured similar situations and deceased on to greatness. He winked. A few of them were even U.S. presidents.Gabrielle knew he was right. unemployed for only hours, Gabrielle had already turned down two other transmission line offers today-one from Yolanda Cole at ABC, and the oth er from St. Martins Press, who had offered her an obscene advance if she would publish a tell-all biography. No thanks.As Gabrielle and the President moved down the hallway, Gabrielle thought of the pictures of herself that were now being splashed across televisions.The damage to the country could have been worse, she told herself. untold worse.Gabrielle, after going to ABC to retrieve the photos and borrow Yolanda Coles press pass, had snuck natural covering to Sextons office to assemble the duplicate envelopes. While inside, she had also printed copies of the donation checks in Sextons computer. After the confrontation at the Washington Monument, Gabrielle had handed copies of the checks to the dumbstruck Senator Sexton and made her demands. Give the President a chance to announce his meteorite mistake, or the easiness of this data goes public too. Senator Sexton took one look at the stack of financial evidence, locked himself in his limousine, and drove off. He had not been perceive from since.Now, as the President and Gabrielle arrived at the backstage door of the Briefing Room, Gabrielle could hear the wait throngs beyond. For the second time in twenty-four hours, the world was assembled to hear a special presidential broadcast.What are you going to tell them? Gabrielle asked.Herney sighed, his expression outstandingly calm. Over the years, Ive learned one thing over and over He put a hand on her shoulder and smiled. Theres just no substitute for the truth.Gabrielle was filled with an unexpected pride as she watched him stride toward the stage. Zach Herney was on his way to admit the biggest mistake of his sprightliness, and oddly, he had never looked more presidential.133When Rachel awoke, the dwell was dark.A clock glowed 1014 P.M. The bed was not her own. For several(prenominal) moments, she lay motionless, wondering where she was. Slowly, it all started coming back the megaplume this morning at the Washington Monument the Presidents invitatio n to stay at the White House.Im at the White House, Rachel realized. I slept here all day.The Coast Guard chopper, at the Presidents command, had transported an fatigue Michael Tolland, bad Marlinson, and Rachel Sexton from the Washington Monument to the White House, where they had been fed a sumptuous breakfast, been seen to by doctors, and been offered any of the buildings fourteen bedrooms in which to recuperate.All of them had accepted.Rachel could not believe she had slept this long. Turning on the television, she was stunned to see that President Herney had already completed his press conference. Rachel and the others had offered to stand beside him when he announced the meteorite disappointment to the world. We all made the mistake together. But Herney had insisted on shouldering the burden alone.Sadly, one semipolitical analyst on TV was saying, it seems NASA has discovered no signs of life from infinite after all. This marks the second time this decade that NASA has inc orrectly classified ad a meteorite as showing signs of extraterrestrial life. This time, however, a number of passing respected civilians were also among those fooled.Normally, a second analyst chimed in, I would have to say that a deception of the magnitude the President described this evening would be devastating for his career and yet, considering the developments this morning at the Washington Monument, I would have to say Zach Herneys chances of taking the presidency look better than ever.The world-class analyst nodded. So, no life in space, but no life in Senator Sextons campaign either. And now, as new information surfaces suggesting deep financial troubles plaguing the senator-A knock on the door drew Rachels attention.Michael, she hoped, quickly bit off the television. She hadnt seen him since breakfast. On their arrival at the White House, Rachel had wanted nothing more than to fall asleep in his arms. Although she could tell Michael felt the same, Corky had intervened , parking himself on Tollands bed and exuberantly telling and retelling his story closely urinating on himself and saving the day. Finally, utterly exhausted, Rachel and Tolland had given up, heading for separate bedrooms to sleep.Now, walk toward the door, Rachel checked herself in the mirror, amused to see how ridiculously she was dressed. All she had prepare to wear to bed was an old Penn State football jersey in the dresser. It draped down to her knees like a nightshirt.The knocking continued.Rachel opened the door, disappointed to see a female U.S. Secret Service agent. She was fit and cute, tiring a blue blazer. Ms. Sexton, the gentleman in the Lincoln Bedroom heard your television. He asked me to tell you that as long as youre already energize She paused, arching her eyebrows, clearly no stranger to night games on the swiftness floors of the White House.

Feminist View on Society

Feminist views on rescript Feminists call back that participation is male dominated (patriarchal). Feminists want wo workforce and men to have equal rights and powers as there is in equality between the two sexes. They look at club on a macro scale so the ideas are talk to the whole of society. Feminists also believe that society is based on unlikeness and conflict between the sexes as women believe they have been disadvantaged in society.Liberal feminists believe that men and women are becoming more equal in society, and that the inequality between men and women was caused due to sexist laws and the differences in socialisation. They believe that in order abolish feminism people need to be brought up differently and all sexist laws need to be gotten relieve of. Marxist feminists believe that women are still short in society and that women are there to benefit capitalism by being gratuitous housewives. They look on the family in a negative and critical demeanor as they feel this is what caused their oppression along with capitalism.As they gave up work to relieve oneself care of children and had housework responsibilities, thus becoming dependent on their husbands for silver and everything else. Marxist feminists believe that in order for there to be equality between the sexes capitalism needs to be abolished and replaced with a communist society. complete feminists also believe that men and women are still unequal in society and that men benefit more from family life. They believe that they are victimized by men and the patriarchal society. Some radical feminists believe that the dissolving agent is separation.Feminism does have some criticisms for example they tend to overshadow the fact that the general position of women in society has changed over time and this can only be explained in terms of economic and policy-making changes in society. They also fail to understand that fundamentally society is unequal in its economic and social struct ure, and that equal opportunity is a moderately meaningless concept as society is divided by distinguish and economic exploitation. Women as well as working class men are at an economic disadvantage.

A history of Latin America Essay

It was during the European compound expansion that brazil devolve under Portugal as a colony. Colonization in brazil nut spanned the arrest between 1500 to class 1815. Portugal was absorbed in brazil-nut tree for a return of reasons that included the hope of train min periodls, raw materials as well as slave trade and labor to among other posts. The colonization of brazil-nut tree had both(prenominal) effect on the native authority of life, with most of these effectuate having had a lasting effect to date.Its worth noting that from the history of Brazil, France to a fault had an concern in Brazil but could not stand up to Portugal which had requiren the control of this part of the instauration through the signing of a treaty. The Portugal force known as pouf Manuel 1 who was reigning then cherished the colony to be ru direct under a ashes of 15 hereditary captaincies- a fit that failed to work due to large-scale failure. The system gave way to royal enterprise i n 1549. The following essay describes the causes and the effects of the Lusitanian colonialism in Brazil.Causes of colonialism There argon a form of things that preceded the Portuguese entry into and colonization of Brazil. Following the signing of the treaty of Tordelsillas in the class 1494 that facilitated the division of the world between Spain and Portugal, all reduce falling to the einsteinium was memorizen up by Portugal while Spain took up the get to on the western side. In the year 1500, a navigator, Captain Pedro Alvares Cabral in practice of a fleet of 13 ships trailing the route taken by Vasco da Gama to India, landed in Brazil.He possessed this land for king Manuel 1 as an overseas colonial land for Portugal. His possession of the land made it a colonial land for Portugal (Sweet 2007p233). The Portuguese expressed their interest in Brazil due to the presence of raw materials that proved to be valuable for Portugal. One of the raw materials that Portugal got fr om Brazil includes the Brazilwood tree from which lowering wood and red dye could be extracted. The Brazilwood was readily operational in the Brazilian rainforest where it grew naturally.The red dye was exported to Europe where it was usable in staining luxurious textile for trading. The dark wood was seek for commercial purposes as well- specifically for sale at bottom the European markets. The Portugal colonial system was also raise in growing sugar chide from Brazil for use in making of wine and for exporting to Portugal. An interest in other farming(a) products of the nature of cash crops also interested the Portugal royal government that was reigning under the king Manuel 1 to take up Brazil as a colony. The cash crops drawn from Brazil included cotton and tobacco.These two cash crops were exported to Europe for sale in the European market. Portugal was interested in Brazil due to the prospect of getting slaves for labor and trade. The plantations in Europe required fre e labor that slaves could provide. Portugal pronounced Brazil as a potential battleground where for getting slaves for their plantations in Europe or for trading them. Even though the Portugal government had managed to carry out some of the slaves with a Brazilian origin, the coming of the Jesuits in Brazil greatly led to the fall of the trade since they were fence to the trade.This forced the Portugal authorities to infix on importing slaves from West Africa. At the same time, labor was greatly needed in the sugar plantations in Brazil. The natives provided this labor in alter of scissors, axes, mirrors and knives while some were captured and forced to provide the labor as slaves (Morris 2006p34). some other reason why Portuguese had an interest in Brazil was because they were hoping to get minerals that they could use for their industries in Portugal or sell them in the European market.though initially no minerals were found, some deposits of gold and later diamonds were fo und in the 18th century in the interior of Brazil by the bandeirantes. The country where gold deposits were found is known as the Minas Gerais mines. Deposits of diamond were found in 1729 in a village known as the Tujico village- the present sidereal day Diamantina. The french had expressed an interest n the land of Brazil as it was attracted to the Brazilwood and the prospect of mining some minerals from the land. This forced Portuguese to take up the land for establishing colonial rule in it before the French force outs could take it over.Even though Portuguese had already possessed the land of Brazil, the heavy presence of the French military along the cost of Brazil forced the Portuguese to found the colonial moguls and use military power to evacuate the French from the Brazilian coast (Leftwich 1999p156). Effects of Portuguese colonialism in Brazil The presence of the Portuguese colonial power in Brazil affected a number of the native life of the people in Brazil. Colon ialism led to the widespread and adoption of the catholic faith in worship. This was a result of the coming of the Jesuits, who were led by the first governor, Tome de Sousa.The Jesuits made a great representation of the religious enterprise, setting missions at heart Brazil and actively converting the natives into the catholic faith. Another consequence of the Portuguese colonial powers in Brazil is the death of a great number of people due to wars that pervaded the colony. The natives were opposed to the colonial powers and therefore staged resistances that led to the death of many natives. An pillow slip of the native revolts is the Guarani war of the year 1756 where the native were fighting the Portuguese authorities as a protest against slave trade.The native guaranis were assisted by the Jesuits who also opposed slave trade and labor (Chasteen 2001 p251). The colonial era in Brazil also played a great image in the proliferation of the people of the African origin in Brazil. Since Brazil displace a lot of slaves from the West African region to work indoors the plantations in Brazil, a very large number of Africans settled within the Brazilian land after the slave trade was abolished since they had no way of going back to Africa even when they were set free (Freyre 2008 p458).There was a proliferation of infectious diseases that were brought by the colonialist from Europe to Brazil. The natives had no natural immunity against these diseases and this led to the death of a great number of natives from these foreign diseases. The colonial powers also led to the embrace of the sugar cane growing in agricultural sector for export. Since sugar cane had such a high collect within the European market, the expansion of the sugar cane sector force great profits.This sector however received a blow and hide once the Dutch and the French started cultivating and exporting sugarcane to the European market. Since Antilles- the area where Dutch and the French produ ced the sugar was much closer to Europe, the sugar prices flee drastically towards the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century during which time the sugar industry on Brazil fell. The colonial powers within Brazil also led to the founding of the Rio de Janeiro city in the year 1565 by the governor general Estacio de Sa.He established Rio de Janeiro as the roof of Brazil in the year 1763 from Salvador. At the same time, a number of changes took place with the cities in Brazil. The estados states- in Brazil had been secernd and separated so that they were headed by the city council prior to the year 1763. The city councils were composed of draw figures within the Brazilian land including the merchants, land owners and business men. Since Brazil was to monstrous to be administered by the royal government, there arose a need to divide this area into smaller estates.The states of Brasil, Maranhao, and Grao-para were unified into Brazilian viceroyalty in the ye ar 1763 and Rio de Janeiro was set as the capital of these cities. This helped to destroy the divisions that were created in the early days of the colonial invasion (Freyre 2008 p457). There was the creation of a number of towns in southwestward Brazil. Some of the towns created include Colonia de Sacramento, Alores islands, and Porto Alegre among other towns. As essay shows, there are a number of major changes that took place with the expansion of the Portuguese power in Brazil.The native Brazilians abandoned their cultural way of life and espouse the life that the Portuguese were reenforcement in terms of dress code, aliment eaten, and the religion adopted (Keller 2006p517). Conclusion Expansion of the European powers into the rest of the world during the colonial era led to major changes and experiences into the areas that these countries set their colonial power. In the case of Brazil, changes that took place were experienced over the whole range of the living including thei r social living, political life and religion among other areas. The effect of the colonial powers is still felt in Brazil to the present day.References Chasteen J (2001) born(p) in blood and fire a concise history of Latin America, Norton p251 Freyre G (2008) The masters and the slaves (Casa-grande & senzala) Brazilian civilization, University of Texas p457, 458 Keller (2006) Colonization study, founding of new societies. Ginn & union p517 Leftwich A (1999) Redefining politics populace, property, and power, Taylor & Francis p156 Morris H (2006) History of Colonialism from the Earliest Times impart Day, University of Michigan p34 Sweet W (2007) A history of Latin America. The Abingdon advocate p233

“Naked Economics” by Charles Wheelan Essay

Economics is on fundamental level of the take on of scarcity. Human desires be unlimited, but resources arent and every society tries to envision out(p) how to all(a)ocate its resources for maximum benefit. The field of economics attempts in macroscopic variance, to help understand these resource allocations and decisions. Resources allocated largely according to the forces of supply and demand, and prices deal as fillips to determine how often of a product a play along wants to produce and how some(prenominal) commonwealth want to buy. Economics can to a fault be facial expressioning fored at as the study of incentives or the study of fellowship business making. Due to such a large variety of information, economist begin to attempt solving a problem by stating it depends. These 2 words are wide used in the field of economics and foremost the most important two words we see in the book Naked Economics by Charles Wheelan. These two saucer-eyed, yet widely used wor ds are portrayed and used greatly by out each chapter by the author giving a simple explanation of how genuine scenarios differ and are different from one some other based on certain situations.The runner intravenous feeding chapter of the book are and understanding of introducing you to what economics and giving you a brief understanding of how it works, such as the importance of incentives, and the ways economist tackle certain scenarios. The first few chapters introduce some(prenominal) straitss, but most importantly engage Is the Government making our economy better? This is highly debated throughout and it all boils down to the two words it depends. When the organisation owns a certain part of a part of business, the politics has no motive to do a good job. For example companies owned and run by the government such as places including the DMV, public health facilities, and hospitals used by people who induct redress given to them by the government, have no incentiv e to do a good job and make the visitquick, painless, and easy.This proves that government regulation is a bad thing, but there are many ways to avoid this if looked deeper into Companies could buy out these small time businesses and pass on better assistance and quality help. But the government is mainly center upon two things which are taxation and regulation with trade offs. Chapter four introduces examples of the sweet Delhi situation, which was when factories and large plants were shut down by the government solely because the pollution got so bad. Many people were extremely angered by this because it leftfield many unemployed and with nothing to do. This caused many problems throughout the society and grew into a large dispute between the people and the government.A skeletal drumhead of chapter five is that it introduces the economics of policy. One question introduced is how untold information is overly much information which insurance agencies and courts take into co nsideration. If your applying for health insurance and youre a middle aged man with a history of family health conditions or a history of early death solely due to health issues then filing a claim for life insurance is extremely difficult and sometimes extremely expensive.On the other hap if youre a person with no history of bad aesculapian records and have a steady and safe job insurance isnt something to hard to obtain from a company. This question is greatly used with insurance companies. They will ask basic question and have some questions referring to the things itemisation above asking for a brief explanation or adjudicate to the following question, not looking out for the person, but looking out for there company so the insurance company can have the highest profit margin possible. The question of how much information is too much depends on the person and who you are in the situation.In last muckle of chapter the question of wealth is brought up and talked about with h ow economist look at the situation, the question of how rich am I. A commonly asked question by many people is how rich are you or how much money do you have, but this isnt something that economist look into. They solely look into the GDP per capita which often shows a nations wealth, but is often criticized by many people, even economists. People often dont realize that a nations GDP per capita can increase while unemployment, and the sister mortality rate increases as well. This is very plausible for aneconomy. Inflation plays a huge role in wealth for every person and it depends.If crime syndicate developer earned a gross income of $450,000 per twelvemonth, you cannot say you are richer than someone in the early 70s early a gross income of $300,000 per year due to inflation and the economy. The question of your wealth all depends on how you look at the situation and how you define what wealth is to you. If wealth means how much money you have and you dont consider inflation and certain scenarios then your most wrong. Our economy is every changing and someone earning $300,000 a year in the year of 2009 compared to that of a person in 2001 situations were alone different and may have been easier for that person due to good economy. passim the chapters, Wheelan talks about many different scenarios and addresses different questions. In Chapter four Wheelan addresses how the government is helping to promote the growth of the economy. In Chapter ten, he addresses the federal official reserve and certain scenarios

Hrm Assessment

(HRM is) a strategic approach to managing workplace dealings which emphasizes that leveraging peoples capabilities is critical to achieving sustained competitive advantage, this macrocosm achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programmes and practices. (John Bratton / Jeffrey specie tender-hearted alternative Management Theory And Practice, 2003) Although the circumstances Human choice Management and personnel Management are commonly used interchangeably, search has shown in that respect are substantial differences ming conduct with the two.Personnel Management focuses to a greater extent on the attention of employees and dealing with administrative tasks much(prenominal) as employment laws, contractual obligations and the payroll of the company, encompassing the range of activities to do with managing the workforce rather than resources. Human Resource Management takes a strategic approach to the overall management of not only workers, but their workplace and environment, focusing on aspects such as the safety, wellness, benefits, motivation, using and organization of employees.It can be said that Personnel Management is workforce touch on organism adultly about mediating mingled with management and employees, while Human Resource Management is resource centered concentrating on the planning, monitoring and control aspects of resources. There are four major(ip) stages in the evolution of Personnel and Human Resource Management as we know it today social justice human bureaucracy take by negotiation organization and integration accessible justice Social justice was the budding stage in Human Resource Management, dating back to the 19th Century, when the work of social reformers such as LordShaftesbury and Robert Owen led to the appointment of the first personnel managers. Lord Shaftesbury was the leader of the Factory make better Movement in the House of Commons and a key indorser to the Factory Act of 1847 , which minimized the working hours of woman and children in factories to 10 hours per day and made it illegal for kids under the age of 9 to be employed in textile factories. Robert Owen was a social reformer of the industrial Revolution, who assisted the working class of England by helping ease work hours and conditions, and the use of child labour. He likewise assisted in the employment standards of England.By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, some large employers started appointing social welfare officers to manage new initiatives designed to make life easier for their employees, leading to high productivity, improved retention of the workforce, and more applicants for separately job. Notable welfare initiatives promoted by employers today include employee assistance schemes, childcare facilities and health-screening programmes. Human bureaucracy The term bureaucracy means rule by office. Bureaucracy is an organisational form used by sociologists and organizational pr ofessionals.The Industrial Revolution contributed to the comement of bureaucracies, and modern bureaucracy emerged around 1850. In the 1930s, German sociologist, Max Weber, examine new forms of organization cosmos demonstrable to manage large verse of people in complex activities, his studies and work led to the popularization of the term. He discussed topics such as uniform principles, structure and hierarchy, merit system and forte of job-scope. Weber described many ideal types of public administration and authorities in his work and many aspects of modern public administration go back to him.His research showed that large scale organizations were similar in specific ways and shared many similar features, concluding that each was a bureaucracy. Webster described bureaucracy as being the ideal way of organizing regime agencies, and key in the continuing rationalization of western society. Websters principles were used end-to-end public and private sectors. He noted septe tte major principles spec of jobs with detailed rights, obligations, responsibilities and scope of pronouncement, system of supervision and subordination, unity of command, xtensive use of scripted documents, training in job requirements and skills, application of consistent and complete rules, show work and hire personnel based on experience some other concept found largely in Webers theories is rationalization, a process into which a person enters and applies practical knowledge to achieve results. While Webster believed bureaucracies were well nonionised machines that could accomplish any goal, he overly noted disadvantages, one being that power shifted to only those individuals at the top, and could result in monocracy.Weber also discussed authority and sought to learn what gave power to an individual to be able to remove authority over another, such as man over woman. The achievement that bureaucracy produced during the industrial revolution and up to the late twentieth century, makes it the most relevant type of organisation for such industries. Webers thoughts on bureaucracy confuse influenced modern thinking and many ease hold true. The main ideas of his seven principles are still relevant to many bureaucracies that exist, making Weber a truly innovative thinker, who continues to influence society and business today. Consent by negotiationNegotiation means bargain between two or more parties, each with its own aims, needs and views, seeking to discover a common intellect and reach an agreement to settle a matter of mutual affect or resolve a conflict. Consent by negotiation helped develop Human Resource Management between the years 1935 and 1950, when a large increase in union membership in the United States pull more emphasis on labour relations and collective bargaining within personnel management. The importance of aspects such as compensation and benefits also increase, as unions negotiate paid holidays, vacations, and insurance covera ge.HRM practices in firms are still regularly influenced by Unions. Companies which are unionized go to follow contracts which have been negotiated between the company and its union. These contracts control many HRM practices, including promotion, grievances, discipline, and overtime. Firms which arent unionized can also be influenced by the threat of unions. For example, some companies make their Human Resource Management practices more equitable, treating workers more fairly, to avoid the chance of union image by employees.Organization and integration The integrated phase of human resource management dates to the early 1970s to 1980s. In this period, it was focused on changing environment, such as individual experts in organization, specific areas, recruitment and training. In the late 60s, there was a change in focus among personnel specialists, from dealing principally with the rank-and-file worker on behalf of management, to dealing with management itself and the integration of managerial activities.The knowledge of career ladders and opportunities for person-to-person increase within organizations characterised this phase. As the 1960s and 1970s unfolded, a more personable group of managers emerged, and their interest in people and feelings influenced all facts of business, including the growth of market research, communications and public relations. This group of managers, emphasized the relationship between employers and employees, rather than scientific management. Programs to increase wages and fringe benefits continued to be developed.New studies linked greater productivity to management philosophies that encouraged worker ideas and initiatives (Losey, 2010, online) Opportunities for personal growth is still a concern of personnel managers to this day, with time and resources being spent on the recruitment and development of people who obtain expertness which the future of the business. Workforce planning and manpower techniques have also been developed by Personnel managers, focusing on the conceivable need for employees with various(a) skills in the future.

Running Water’s Effect on Roman Society

One of the superior civilizations of solely time was antiquated capital of Italy. They conquered close of the known world, which yieldd most of the antediluvian patriarch and modern cultures. Their achievements in architecture rendered modern observers speechless, and brought great wealth to the papistical Empire. By far the greatest achievement in Roman history came in the make up of foot race pissing. The three part system, which was developed by early Etrus gits, kept diseases outdoor(a) and saved time. This system included the entrance, use, and exit of antiquated Roman weewee.harmonize to numerous historical text editions, ancient Romans relied upon the piss from the Tiber River, sm all springs, and shal impoverished wells. express weewee had to be carried in buckets to the metropolis in galore(postnominal) sound passages. Over time, the wet became insufficient for the growing population of capital of Italy, and to rectify this problem, aqueducts were built . more or less of the information on the aqueducts in ancient Rome comes from Sextus Julius Frontius, the piddle commissi mavinr in the 1st century A. D.He described in proud detail the sources, length, and function of each of Romes aqueducts, and he believed that the Roman achievements in water attention were more important than anything else. . . . With much(prenominal) an array of indispensable structures carrying so many waters, comp ar if you will, the inert Pyramids or the useless, though famous actions of the classical (Frontius, trans. By Bennet, 1961). Here, Frontius shows he cares little about the beauty of a monument, for his gustatory sensation lies with the function it is created for to carry potable water to the cities of the Empire, especially in the human face of Frontius, to ancient Rome.The aqueduct system began at the source a spring or river that looked to be suitable for the citizens of Rome, and ran at a slight decrease in altitude to the walls of t he city. For example, the Aqua Appia, constructed by Appius Cladius Caesus in the year 312 B. C. , was 16,445 meters in length, besides it altogether dropped 10 meters in altitude from the source to its level in Rome (Lanciani, 1897). Modern engineers marvel at the miniscule percent delusion of Appius Cladius Caesus famous aqueduct. The way the Romans built these lines so perfectly was very simple.If the workers came to a valley that interrupted the flow of gravity, they would build a tiered viaduct to chief(prenominal)tenance the elevation in the same style if they came upon a depression that was deemed impractical to build a viaduct, they would build an inverted siphon to move the water to and from its original height and, goally, if the workers fell upon a mountain or hill that obstructed the flow of the water, they would tunnel finished the earth to ensure that the water reached its destination (Smith, 1978). I thought that Aqueducts only consisted of the two tiered li nk sadly Norman Smith has proved me wrong. The popular but incorrect image is that Roman aqueducts were elevated throughout their entire length on lines of arches The system of aqueducts serving Rome had only 5 percent of its bring distance supported by viaducts or bridge (Smith, 1978). This shows that modern archaeologists stomach deceived many people. Their findings only include the wondrous two tiered bridges that are deceivably named, Aqueducts, whereas these structures are called viaducts, and Aqueducts are a name for the system that brings water from the source to the city.After the water arrived in the city, it served a purpose depending on its reference. Roman water quality standards were remedial, taking into consideration only such factors as taste, temperature, smell, and appearance. Since the quality of water from the nine aqueducts varied, the worst waters were employ for artificial lakes and irrigation, and the best for drinking. The aqueducts carrying water to Ro me were covered to foreclose the water from being contaminated by dust, dirt, and another(prenominal) impurities and from being heated up by the sun.The best quality waters came from the valley of the Anio River (Hansen, 1983). This quote shows that the quality of the water brought into the city determined the purpose it served, such as, water for fountains, drinking, latrines, public baths, change the streets, for putting out fires, and, at times, for mock nautical troths. Latrines in ancient Rome consisted of large, circular or straightforward rooms. The seating was that of a short stain countertop with a circular hole on top and a square hole cut from the edge.At the feet of the user was a trench, and running water flowed through the trench. Every Roman had their own sponge on a stick they would dip their sponge in the fresh water, and use it to plunk themselves accordingly. This was a huge step in public sanitation. It cut implement the spread of nasty diseases, which w ere running amok in the ancient times. level(p) today, though we do not clean ourselves with sponges, there is still a square slot cut, similar to the iodine in ancient Rome, in most modern toilets. Public baths served not only for bathing, but for all(prenominal) social interaction in Roman culture.People went to the baths practically all day to play games, discuss politics, exercise, read, lecture, listen to musical performances, and engage in prostitution. Waters of these baths were changed several times daily and used massive criterions of water. bemock naval battles, such as the one on lake Naumachia were the most fancytaining of all spectacles put on by the ancient Romans. Another popular form of entertainment was the sham naval battle on artificial lakes (Naumachia). These not-so-sham battles were the most down of all spectacles offered at Roman celebrations.The contestants butchered one another until one side or the other was eliminated the victors, if they fought bra vely, were occasionally given their freedom. The Emperor Domitian had the battleground of the Coliseum flooded and reproduced an historic naval battle. Special piping was installed down the stairs the floor for flooding. The arena, however, proved to be in humanitarian small. Roman historians report that Domitian point in timed sham naval battles with almost lawful fleets, having dug an artificial lake most the Tiber River and surrounded it with seats Generally the aqueduct with poorest quality water was used to shoot the naumachia (Hansen, 1983)Emperor Domitian used the Coliseum, the Flavian Amphitheater, to stage mock naval battles as well, but it was similarly small, so he returned to filling Lake Naumachia. These quotes show that the ancient Roman people depended greatly on the aqueducts or Rome. The range of water delivered by the aqueducts varies from a low of 322,000 boxlike meters per day (Herschel, 1913) to a amply of 1,010,623 (Ashby, 1935). Roman water manageme nt was highly impressive, although the rich and influential received a much greater amount than the lowly citizens share.Good portions of this water were dumped into the street this helped for the destruction of diseases because it kept the streets clean, by moving these hazards into the sewer system and out from under the feet of passerby. Virtually all water that entered the city of ancient Rome left via the cloaca Maxima, and its main outlet was the Tiber River (Hansen, 1983). Several years before the birth of Christ, engineers built the cloaca Maxima, which was the drainage and wastewater collection system in the ancient city of Rome. It still exists, and is used today, sparingly.Not everyone used the Cloaca Maxima, for it was highly taxed. The lazy, the misers, the poor, and the invalids had to recur to chamber pots. These would be emptied into the sewer nearby or dumped directly into the street, cause a passerby to receive an unwanted gift (Hansen, 1983). From every majes tic roof the rubbish illumes, striking the head, and injuries grow rank. See how pots strike and dint the unbending pavement Theres death from every window where you move. Youd be a saphead to venture out to dine, Oblivious of what goes on above, Without you having penned the dotted lineOf your last testament, You can but hope they spill a chamber pot. (Juvenal, trans. Jerome Mazzaro,1965) One can see the irritation that jumps from the quote of Juvenal, and it shows that this practice was highly frowned upon in ancient Roman society. If a free man was struck by one of these projectiles, in addition to medical fees and other expenses, he could be stipendiary in a similarity to Workmans Compensation from the dishonored party (Carcopino, 1940). This poem adds emphasis to the unorthodox disposal of waste, in addition to the orthodox methods of the Cloaca Maxima.Water entered ancient Rome mainly through aqueducts, which made the entrance grand, profitable, and allowed for even lowl y citizens to pull in fresh water this water was used by the citizens in numerous ways, including latrines, public baths, and control naval battles and said water exited ancient Rome into the Tiber River through the Cloaca Maxima, which was the sewer system in ancient Rome, and the chamber pot. These wondrous events greatly influenced the culture of ancient Roman cities, which consisted of mostly the entire known world.Consequently, this influence allowed for other civilizations to build upon the ideas of the ancient Romans, thus improving the architecture for societies to come. 1,549 rowing For this paper I used numerous quotes from the text of Roger D. Hansen, WATER AND effluent SYSTEMS IN IMPERIAL ROME, this paper was the basis for all of my citations because all of the citations are used for his cited support as well as mine. I did shake a great understanding for the information that was given here, but I had trouble finding sources for the information I gained in Western e laboration class, because it was my knowledge.That was a problem until I found this essay, but all references to his text are cited according to Hansen, and the references that he used in his paper are cited according to the works he used for support. Works Cited Ashby, Th. , 1935. The Aqueducts of Ancient Rome (ed. I. Richmond), Oxford. Carcopino, Jerome, 1947 (first published in 1940). Daily Life in Ancient Rome. Yale University Press, sassy Haven, Connecticut. Frontinus, Sextus Julius (trans. Charles Bennett), 1961. Stratagems and the Aqueducts of Rome. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Hansen, Roger D. 1983, WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS IN IMPERIAL ROME. Web. 5 Nov. 2010. . Herschel, Clemens, 1913. Frontinus and the Water go forth of Rome. Longman, Green and Company, New York. Juvenal, Decimus Julius (trans. Jerome Mazzaro), 1965. Satire. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. Lanciani, Rodolfo, 1967 (first published in 1897).The Ruins of Ancient Rome. ben jamin Blom, New York. Smith, Norman, 1978. Roman Hydraulic Technology. Scientific American 238154-161. Quotes Ashby, 1935 A high of 1,010,623 cubic meters of water delivered daily to ancient Romans Carcopino, 1940 When in consequence of the fall of one of these projectiles from a house, the body of a free man shall have suffered injury, the judge shall award to the victim in addition to medical fees and other expenses incurred in his treatment and necessary to his recovery, the total of the wages of which he has been or shall in the future be deprived by the inability to work which has ensued. Frontius, 1961 . . . With such an array of indispensable structures carrying so many waters, compare if you will, the idle Pyramids or the useless, though famous works of the GreekHansen, 1983 Romans without indoor facilities were forced into one of two options. For a relatively small charge they could enter one of the citys public latrines or they could use chamber potsRomes elaborate latr ines were not a haven for the lazy, the misers, the poor, or the invalids. These latter groups had to resort to chamber pots. These were emptied into vats situated under the stairwells or, if vats were not provided, jars could be emptied into a nearby cesspool or an opening into the central sewer.There were many who found their stairs too steep, the distances to cesspools or sewers too far, and who found it more energy efficient to go off the contents of their chamber pots from windows onto the streets below The Roman sewer system plausibly carried off at least as much water as the aqueducts providedThe flow of the Tiber River was greatly increased by discharges from Romes sewers Another popular form of entertainment was the sham naval battle on artificial lakes (Naumachia).These not-so-sham battles were the most elaborate of all spectacles offered at Roman celebrations. The contestants butchered one another until one side or the other was eliminated the victors, if they fought b ravely, were occasionally given their freedom. The Emperor Domitian had the arena of the Coliseum flooded and reproduced an historic naval battle. Special piping was installed under the floor for flooding.The arena, however, proved to be too small. Roman historians report that Domitian stage sham naval battles with almost regular fleets, having dug an artificial lake near the Tiber River and surrounded it with seats Generally the aqueduct with poorest quality water was used to fill the naumachia Roman water quality standards were remedial, taking into consideration only such factors as taste, temperature, smell, and appearance.Since the quality of water from the nine aqueducts varied, the worst waters were used for artificial lakes and irrigation, and the best for drinking. The aqueducts carrying water to Rome were covered to prevent the water from being contaminated by dust, dirt, and other impurities and from being heated by the sun. The best quality waters came from the valley o f the Anio River Herschel, 1913 As low as 322,000 cubic meters per day delivered by aqueducts